Urological cancers are an important cause of cancers. In men, prostate cancer is the commonest cancer. Other urological cancers are bladder cancer, kidney cancer, testicular cancer and adrenal tumors. Prostate cancer can be diagnosed early by a combination of a physical examination and blood test (the PSA or prostate specific antigen). Kidney cancers are often identified early on imaging of the abdomen done for reasons such as a health screening. Bladder tumors herald themselves by bleeding in the urine. Most of these conditions can be treated effectively with excellent long term cure provided they are diagnosed in time.